Isabel Schnabel highlights the importance of maintaining bank resilience through smarter regulation, deeper financial integration, and technological innovation to address new systemic risks in Europe’s evolving financial landscape.
In her recent speech marking Klaas Knot’s farewell symposium, Isabel Schnabel, a member of the ECB’s Executive Board, emphasized just how vital it is to keep the resilience of banks intact—something that’s largely been built through reforms following the global financial crisis. Schnabel pointed out that even with a financial environment that’s changing pretty fast—think rising geopolitical tensions, skyrocketing asset values, and a flurry of innovations—banks still play a crucial role in financing the real economy and transmitting monetary policy across the euro area. She was quite clear in her warning against deregulation initiatives, especially given the strong nationalist and protectionist currents around. Instead, she called for regulatory reforms that can improve efficiency—making the system run more smoothly—without sweeping away the stability we've fought so hard to establish over the past decade and a half. And she also framed these efforts within a bigger picture: boosting European financial integration and sovereignty.
You see, the 2008 global financial crisis left deep scars on the economy. It exposed how fragile banks could be if they didn’t have enough capital, and it showed how inadequate regulation could be. That chaos led to deep recessions, ballooning public debt, and sluggish growth for years. Schnabel explained how this threw into motion a set of reforms—like Basel III standards for capital and liquidity, macroprudential policies, resolution regimes, and the creation of the European banking union—that successfully made euro area banks more resilient. To give you an idea, their capital ratios have more than doubled since before the crisis, and liquidity buffers are now comfortably above the minimum required, even as the ECB scales back on providing liquidity. These stronger fundamentals meant banks could act as stabilizers during subsequent shocks, like the COVID-19 pandemic and the sudden jump in interest rates starting in 2022. Both crises proved that banks' capacity to absorb shocks without causing or worsening financial instability has improved—you know, helping to keep credit flowing to both companies and households.
That said, Schnabel stressed that while banks are safer, the financial system isn’t the same as it was before—and it’s now faced with new risks that require a comprehensive approach. Non-bank financial institutions—what you might call shadow banks—have grown significantly and now hold assets that actually surpass those of traditional banks. This shift of credit towards sectors with less regulation has created complex interconnections between banks and these non-banks—through lending, funding, securities holdings, risk transfers, and so forth. ECB data shows that a small handful of systemically important banks are heavily involved with shadow banks, often via uninsured deposits that can evaporate quickly if there’s a sudden panic. Such linkages highlight why ECB President Christine Lagarde has been advocating for tighter regulation of shadow banks, which now hold assets roughly equal to about 350% of Europe’s GDP, in order to reduce systemic risks and make the playing field fairer.
Adding to the mix, Schnabel talked about how stablecoins are emerging as new financial tools, creating bridges between traditional banking, cryptocurrency markets, and asset markets—interesting, right? Stablecoins can offer faster, cheaper cross-border payments that bypass the usual correspondent banking routes, which sounds promising. But they also carry risks similar to bank runs—mainly because they depend on demandable liabilities backed by reserves, which might become illiquid during times of stress. Deposits linked to stablecoins at euro area banks have grown faster after the EU introduced its Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCAR) back in 2023, though they’re still a small slice of total assets. Schnabel warned that if stablecoin adoption keeps expanding, the risks—like sudden withdrawals, forced sales of Treasuries held as reserves, and the potential for market instability—could ripple out, affecting banks and the entire financial system. ECB research even shows that stablecoins respond quite differently to economic shocks than traditional money market funds, which underlines the need for regulation that addresses these fresh vulnerabilities—without stifling what could be beneficial innovation.
Against this backdrop, Schnabel was quite firm in her stance against deregulating banks. She referenced ECB research indicating that higher capital buffers actually boost resilience and also improve profitability, which counters the argument that regulation hurts European banks’ competitiveness. Thanks to rising interest rates, banks in the euro area have seen profits grow and are closing the valuation gap with their US counterparts. Rather than pulling back regulatory frameworks, Schnabel suggested focusing on making things more efficient—by reducing complexity, fixing overlaps, and harmonizing reporting standards across countries. One example is the ECB’s “next-level supervision” initiative, which aims to streamline supervisory processes, including reforming the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP), and projects like the Integrated Reporting Framework (IReF), which seeks to automate and unify bank reporting.
Further improvements, Schnabel argued, rely on advancing financial integration within Europe—especially finalizing the banking union. Fragmentation persists because of different national regulation, the lack of a European deposit insurance scheme, political resistance to cross-border bank mergers, and gaps in resolution mechanisms. An integrated capital market could help provide better funding, foster innovation, and encourage risk-sharing, all of which would bolster the resilience of banks and the broader economy.
Lastly, Schnabel underscored how critical it is for Europe to embrace technological innovation to strengthen its financial sovereignty. She pointed to initiatives like the digital euro and exploring distributed ledger technology for wholesale transactions—these could really help elevate the euro’s status internationally, all while keeping banks at the center of Europe’s payment systems.
In summary, Schnabel’s message was clear: the stability we’ve achieved through post-crisis regulation has been vital in protecting the euro area from major shocks and supporting economic recovery. Instead of relaxing standards, governments and policymakers should focus on addressing emerging risks from shadow banks and digital innovations — through regulation that’s appropriate and forward-looking. The long-term benefits of maintaining a stable financial system clearly outweigh any short-term gains that might come from deregulation. With euro area banks currently solid and profitable, the key now is to keep boosting resilience and efficiency through smarter regulation, deeper integration, and greater sovereignty—so that Europe’s economy and its banking sector are well equipped to serve the future.
Source: Noah Wire Services
Verification / Sources
- https://www.ecb.europa.eu//press/key/date/2025/html/ecb.sp251003_1~edb1443d00.en.html - Please view link - unable to able to access data
- https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2025/html/ecb.sp251003_1~edb1443d00.en.html - In her speech at the farewell symposium for Klaas Knot, Isabel Schnabel, Member of the ECB's Executive Board, emphasised the importance of maintaining the resilience of banks through post-crisis reforms. She highlighted that, despite evolving financial landscapes, banks continue to play a central role in financing the real economy and transmitting monetary policy in the euro area. Schnabel cautioned against deregulation, advocating instead for enhancing the efficiency of existing regulations to strengthen the broader financial system and promote European integration and sovereignty.
- https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/europe-needs-tighter-regulation-shadow-banks-lagarde-says-2025-10-03/ - European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde called for stricter regulation of non-bank financial institutions, often referred to as 'shadow banks', due to their rapid growth and lighter oversight compared to traditional banks. Lagarde noted that these entities now hold assets equivalent to about 350% of Europe’s GDP and urged policymakers to raise regulatory standards for non-banks engaged in bank-like activities to mitigate systemic risks and address competitive imbalances with traditional banks.
- https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/bank-englands-bailey-warns-against-rolling-back-financial-regulation-2025-10-03/ - Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey cautioned against easing financial regulations, warning that doing so could reintroduce risks as the memory of past financial crises fades. Speaking at an event hosted by the Dutch central bank, Bailey emphasised the importance of continuing to collect crucial data, especially in emerging areas of risk, and disagreed with the notion that post-2008 financial regulations were responsible for Britain’s underwhelming investment and productivity performance.
- https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/ecb-says-eu-going-too-far-easing-bank-securitisation-rules-2025-09-30/ - The European Central Bank (ECB) expressed concerns over the European Commission's recent proposals to ease banking securitisation rules. ECB supervisor Pedro Machado criticised the reforms, especially those related to complex and synthetic securitisations, for potentially heightening financial risks. The Commission's proposals aim to stimulate lending and enhance Europe's financial competitiveness but the ECB warns that such changes could reintroduce 'agency and model risks' and promote opaque and riskier structures.
- https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/basel-chair-urges-banks-fully-implement-capital-rules-soon-possible-2024-04-18/ - Pablo Hernández de Cos, Chair of the Basel Committee, urged banks to fully implement international capital rules known as Basel III 'as soon as possible' to ensure financial stability. The Basel Committee faces resistance from U.S. banks in the final phase of post-crisis capital reforms designed to prevent taxpayer-funded bailouts. De Cos highlighted the importance of common regulatory and supervisory standards for global financial stability, especially in light of recent banking crises.
- https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/yellen-call-more-financial-stability-work-thoughtful-regulation-2024-09-26/ - U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen emphasised the need for continuous efforts to ensure a resilient financial system through thoughtful regulations at a Treasury markets conference in New York. Highlighting the reforms after the 2007-2009 financial crisis, Yellen noted their role in navigating recent challenges, including the pandemic and regional bank issues, and stressed that maintaining financial stability requires persistent regulatory measures against those advocating for easing bank capital requirements.
Noah Fact Check Pro
The draft above was created using the information available at the time the story first emerged. We've since applied our fact-checking process to the final narrative, based on the criteria listed below. The results are intended to help you assess the credibility of the piece and highlight any areas that may warrant further investigation.
Freshness check
Score: 10
Notes: The narrative is based on a press release from the European Central Bank (ECB), dated 3 October 2025, marking Klaas Knot's farewell symposium. As a press release, this typically warrants a high freshness score. No earlier versions of this content were found, indicating originality. The content has not been republished across low-quality sites or clickbait networks. No discrepancies in figures, dates, or quotes were identified. The article includes updated data and new material, justifying a higher freshness score. (ecb.europa.eu)
Quotes check
Score: 10
Notes: The quotes in the narrative are unique to this press release. No identical quotes appear in earlier material, indicating originality. No variations in quote wording were found.
Source reliability
Score: 10
Notes: The narrative originates from the European Central Bank (ECB), a reputable organisation. This enhances the credibility of the content.
Plausability check
Score: 10
Notes: The claims made in the narrative are plausible and consistent with known information. The content is detailed and specific, with factual anchors such as names, institutions, and dates. The language and tone are consistent with official ECB communications. No excessive or off-topic details unrelated to the claim were identified. The tone is formal and appropriate for the context.
Overall assessment
Veredict (FAIL, OPEN, PASS): PASS
Confidence (LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH): HIGH
Summary: The narrative is a recent, original press release from the ECB, containing unique quotes and originating from a reputable source. The claims are plausible, detailed, and consistent with official ECB communications, with no signs of disinformation.